Can you pull money out of an index fund at any time?
There are hundreds of funds, tracking many sectors of the market and assets including bonds and commodities, in addition to stocks. Index funds have no contribution limits, withdrawal restrictions or requirements to withdraw funds.
Ideally, you should stay invested in equity index funds for the long run, i.e., at least 7 years. That is because investing in any equity instrument for the short-term is fraught with risks. And as we saw, the chances of getting positive returns improve when you give time to your investments.
Index funds, like mutual funds, can be bought or sold at the price set when the trading day ends. However, they can only be traded during regular market hours.
If a fund consistently underperforms over multiple periods and fails to deliver satisfactory returns, consider exiting the investment.
Most index funds pay dividends to their shareholders. Since the index fund tracks a specific index in the market (like the S&P 500), the index fund will also contain a proportionate amount of investments in stocks. For index funds that distribute dividends, many pay them out quarterly or annually.
Over the past decade, you would have done even better, as the S&P 500 posted an average annual return of a whopping 12.68%. Here's how much your account balance would be now if you were invested over the past 10 years: $1,000 would grow to $3,300. $5,000 would grow to $16,498.
In 1980, had you invested a mere $1,000 in what went on to become the top-performing stock of S&P 500, then you would be sitting on a cool $1.2 million today.
Tracking error may occur in an index fund due to liquidity provisions, index constituent changes, corporate actions etc. This is a major risk in index funds. Index funds do lose out on the expertise of the fund manager and the structured investment approach that an active fund manager brings.
The short answer is a resounding yes. Let's take a look at why this is. While past investment performance doesn't guarantee future results, the return of S&P 500 index funds has been about 9% to 10% annualized per year over long periods, depending on the exact timeframe you're looking at.
Although not as liquid as exchange traded funds, index funds can be bought and sold at the end of each trading day. Many investors choose to buy and hold their index funds for months or years.
Can index funds go to zero?
An index fund usually owns at least dozens of securities and may own potentially hundreds of them, meaning that it's highly diversified. In the case of a stock index fund, for example, every stock would have to go to zero for the index fund, and thus the investor, to lose everything.
The 4% rule says people should withdraw 4% of their retirement funds in the first year after retiring and take that dollar amount, adjusted for inflation, every year after. The rule seeks to establish a steady and safe income stream that will meet a retiree's current and future financial needs.
According to Standard and Poor's, the average annualized return of the S&P index, which later became the S&P 500, from 1926 to 2020 was 10%. 1 At 10%, you could double your initial investment every seven years (72 divided by 10).
The easiest and cheapest path to diversification
Buffett not only sees index funds as the simplest path to achieve a diversified portfolio, but they're also the cheapest.
Index funds pay dividends monthly, quarterly or annually. It may vary depending on the securities held.
Index mutual funds & ETFs
Constant buying and selling by active fund managers tends to produce taxable gains—and in many cases, short-term gains that are taxed at a higher rate.
| Discount Rate | Present Value | Future Value |
|---|---|---|
| 6% | $1,000 | $3,207.14 |
| 7% | $1,000 | $3,869.68 |
| 8% | $1,000 | $4,660.96 |
| 9% | $1,000 | $5,604.41 |
The result is the number of years, approximately, it'll take for your money to double. For example, if an investment scheme promises an 8% annual compounded rate of return, it will take approximately nine years (72 / 8 = 9) to double the invested money.
In fact, at the end of the five years, if you invest $1,000 per month you would have $83,156.62 in your investment account, according to the SIP calculator (assuming a yearly rate of return of 11.97% and quarterly compounding).
The one time it's okay to choose a single investment
That's because your investment gives you access to the broad stock market. Meanwhile, if you only invest in S&P 500 ETFs, you won't beat the broad market. Rather, you can expect your portfolio's performance to be in line with that of the broad market.
What is the 10 year return of the S&P 500?
| Period | Average annualised return | Total return |
|---|---|---|
| Last year | 30.7% | 30.7% |
| Last 5 years | 15.9% | 109.5% |
| Last 10 years | 15.7% | 331.4% |
| Last 20 years | 10.8% | 682.2% |
Choosing your investments
Investing in an S&P 500 fund can instantly diversify your portfolio and is generally considered less risky. S&P 500 index funds or ETFs will track the performance of the S&P 500, which means when the S&P 500 does well, your investment will, too. (The opposite is also true, of course.)
There are many ways to start investing, but one that's worked for billionaires like Warren Buffett is investing in low-cost index funds.
Another reason some investors don't invest in index funds is that they may have a preference for investing in a particular industry or sector. Index funds are designed to provide exposure to broad market indices, which may not align with an investor's specific interests or values.
As with all investments, it is possible to lose money in an index fund, but if you invest in an index fund and hold it over the long-term, it is likely that your investment will increase in value over time.
